##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

The ongoing outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been associated with worse outcomes in several populations, including those with co-morbidities. Pregnant women are one such group of individuals that may be at increased risk of infection related to physiologic changes in metabolic and maternal immune system changes in normal pregnancy. This risk may increase with underlying immunocompromised states such as in people living with HIV (PLWH). However, there is currently limited data on pregnant women with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and HIV. In this paper, a case of pregnant women infected with COVID-19 and HIV co-infection is reported.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

  1. Narang K, Enninga E, Gunaratne M, Ibirogba E, Trad A, Elrefaei A, et al. SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 During Pregnancy: A Multidisciplinary Review. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 2020; 95(8): 1750-1765.
    DOI  |   Google Scholar
  2. Di Mascio D, Buca D, Berghella V, Khalil A, Rizzo G, Odibo A, et al. Counseling in maternal–fetal medicine: SARS‐CoV ‐2 infection in pregnancy. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2021; 57(5): 687-697.
    DOI  |   Google Scholar
  3. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): HIV and antiretrovirals. Who.int.2022. [Internet] Available from:https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/coronavirus disease-covid-19-hiv-and-antiretrovirals.
     Google Scholar
  4. Guo W, Ming F, Dong Y, Zhang Q, Zhang X, Mo P, et al. A Survey for COVID-19 among HIV/AIDS Patients in Two Districts of Wuhan, China. [Preprint] The Lancet. 2020.
    DOI  |   Google Scholar
  5. Gudipati, S, Brar I, Murray S, McKinnon JE, Yared, N, Markowitz N. Descriptive Analysis of Patients Living with HIV Affected by COVID-19. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2020; 85: 123–126.
    DOI  |   Google Scholar
  6. Tay M, Poh C, Rénia L, MacAry P, Ng L. The trinity of COVID-19: immunity, inflammation and intervention. Nature Reviews Immunology. 2020; 20(6): 363-374.
    DOI  |   Google Scholar
  7. Cevik M, Kuppalli K, Kindrachuk J, Peiris M. Virology, transmission, and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2. BMJ. 2022: 371.
     Google Scholar
  8. Boechat J, Chora I, Morais A, Delgado L. The immune response to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 immunopathology – Current perspectives. Pulmonology. 2021; 27(5): 423-437.
    DOI  |   Google Scholar
  9. Peng X, Ouyang J, Isnard S, Lin J, Fombuena B, Zhu B, et al. Sharing CD4+ T Cell Loss: When COVID-19 and HIV Collide on Immune System. Frontiers in Immunology. 2020; 11.
    DOI  |   Google Scholar
  10. Nou E, Lo J, Grinspoon SK. Inflammation, immune activation, and cardiovascular disease in HIV. Aids. 2016; 30(10): 1495–509.
    DOI  |   Google Scholar
  11. Yang X, Zhang J, Guo S, Olatosi B, Weissman S, Li X. The Role of HIV Infection in the Clinical Spectrum of COVID-19: A Population-Based Cohort Analysis Based on US National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) Enclave Data. SSRN Electronic Journal. 2021.
    DOI  |   Google Scholar
  12. COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines Panel. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Treatment Guidelines. National Institutes of Health. [Internet] Available from: https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/.
     Google Scholar
  13. Cooper S, Nkemeh C, Paulino S, Dorsett Y, Banach D, Campbell W, et al. HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Coinfection in A Term Pregnancy. Frontiers in Medical Case Reports. 2022; 1: 1-5.
     Google Scholar
  14. De Waard L, Langenegger E, Erasmus K, Van der Merwe T, Olivier SE, Du Toit N, et al. Maternal and neonatal outcomes of COVID-19 in a high-risk pregnant cohort with and without HIV. S Afr Med J. 2021; 111(12): 1174-1180
    DOI  |   Google Scholar


Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 > >>