Adult Day Programs in the New Reality of High Prevalence of Dementia-with A Toronto Case Study



Abstract Views
898

Downloads
330

Citations

Share

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##

Submitted Jan 11, 2022
Published Feb 10, 2022
10.24018/ejmed.2022.4.1.1206

Abstract viewed = 898 times

Table of Contents

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

Objectives: Adult Day Programs (ADPs) have been playing an important role providing services to community dwelling elders and their families in health-related prevention, intervention, and family caregiver support. At the time when there is a high prevalence of dementia among older elders, demand for such services will grow. Learn the experiences of ADPs can help identifying service gaps, which are crucial for developing measures to improve such programs’ effectiveness.

Methods: This is a case study on the ADPs at the Toronto Geriatric Centre with qualitative research strategy. Interviews and focus group discussions were the data collection methods employed to gather feedbacks from its staff members, clients, and family caregivers.

Results: The ADPs at the TGC are helpful to their clients and their families, but have issues in language accessibility, physical accessibility (programs’ schedule and transportation), financial accessibility (affordability), and care accessibility-there is a lack of professional caregivers for those participants who need onsite care.

Discussion: The high prevalence of dementia among ADPs’ clients and the resource shortage are the main difficulties facing the TGC. If it was to achieve its intended goal, more resources are needed for their improvements in accessibility, which would involve a user-friendly operation schedule, free or minor-cost transportation, and sufficient program staffing that include professional caregivers. Covid-19 pandemic poses challenges to the entire eldercare sector. ADPs’ post-pandemic arrangements should address emerging needs of the elders they serve. Community elders, especially those persons with dementia, and their families need ADPs for aging at home.

Keywords: Adult day programs (ADPs), Canada, dementia; family caregiver, persons with dementia (PWD)

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

  1. Statistics Canada. Canada's population estimates: Age and sex. [Internet] [cited 2019 July 1] Available from: https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/190930/dq190930a-eng.htm
     Google Scholar
  2. Grant and Agius. Census 2016: The growing age gap, gender ratios and other key takeaways 2017. [Internet] Available from: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/census-2016-statscan/article34882462/
     Google Scholar
  3. Government of Canada — Action for Seniors report, 2014. [Internet] Available from: https://www.canada.ca/en/employment-social-development/programs/seniors-action-report.html
     Google Scholar
  4. Runac RE. Dementia Care: Effects of Care Load and Couple Age on Perceptions of Abuse, Abuser, and Abused MS, Thesis, University of Alberta; 2020.
     Google Scholar
  5. Chapman DP, Williams SM, Strine TW, Anda RF, Moore MJ. Dementia and its implications for public health. Prev Chronic Dis. 2006; 3(2): A34.
     Google Scholar
  6. Chambers LW, Bancej C, McDowell I. (Eds) Prevalence and Monetary Costs of Dementia in Canada. The Alzheimer Society of Canada in collaboration with the Public Health Agency of Canada. Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 2016.
     Google Scholar
  7. Silvaggi F, Leonardi M, Tiraboschi P, Muscio C, Toppo C, Raggi A. Keeping People with Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment in Employment: A Literature Review on Its Determinants. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2020; 17: 842.
    DOI  |   Google Scholar
  8. Alzheimer Society of Canada (n.d.). “What is Dementia” [Internet] [cited 2021 October 18] https://alzheimer.ca/en/about-dementia/what-dementia
     Google Scholar
  9. Hugo J, Ganguli M. Dementia and Cognitive Impairment: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Clinics in Geriatric Medicine. 2014; 30(3): 421-422.
    DOI  |   Google Scholar
  10. Jefferies K, Agrawal N. Early-onset dementia. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 2009; 15: 380-388.
    DOI  |   Google Scholar
  11. Hsu et al. Understanding the impact of COVID-19 on residents of Canada’s long-term care homes – ongoing challenges and policy responses, International Long-Term Care Policy Network, 2020
     Google Scholar
  12. Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI, 2016). “Home Care Reporting System, 2015–2016” [Internet] [cited 2021 October 18] https://www.cihi.ca/en/home-care-reporting-system-metadata
     Google Scholar
  13. Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR, 2018) “Dementia in Canada” [Internet] [cited 2021 July 4] Available from: https://www.cihi.ca/en/dementia-in-canada
     Google Scholar
  14. Vanier Institute. “Snapshot” [Internet] 2017 [cited 2019 November 30] Available from: https://vanierinstitute.ca/snapshot-family-caregiving-work-canada/
     Google Scholar
  15. Dong W. Informal Caregiving and Its Hidden Cost to National Economy: With a Toronto Case Study. EJ-MED 2022; Volume-4, Issue-1. Pp15-23
    DOI  |   Google Scholar
  16. Shnall A, Agate A, Grinberg A, Huijbregts M, Nguyen MQ, Chow TW. Development of supportive services for frontotemporal dementias through community engagement. Int Rev Psy-Chiatry. 2013; 25(2): 246-252.
    DOI  |   Google Scholar
  17. Bangerter LR, Liu Y, Kim K, Zarit SH. Adult Day services and dementia caregivers’ daily affect: the role of distress response to behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. Aging & Mental Health, 2021; 25:46-52,
    DOI  |   Google Scholar
  18. Sansoni J, Duncan C, Grootemaat P, Capell J, Samsa P, Westera A. Younger Onset Dementia: A Review of the Literature to Inform Service Development. American Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease & Other Dementias, 2016; 31(8): 693-705.
    DOI  |   Google Scholar
  19. Tam-Tham H, Nettel-Aguirre A, Silvius J, Dalziel W, Garcia L, Molnar F, et al. Provision of dementia-related services in Canada: a comparative study. BMC Health Services Research. 2016; 16: 184.
    DOI  |   Google Scholar
  20. Sibalija J, Savundranayagam MY, Orange JB, Kloseck M. Social support, social participation, & depression among caregivers and non-caregivers in Canada: A population health perspective. Aging & Mental Health. 2020; 24(5): 765–773.
    DOI  |   Google Scholar
  21. Dong, W. “Dementia Care Study Feedbacks” at the Innovative Practices in Dementia Care Symposium, Toronto, Ontario. March 26. 2019.
     Google Scholar
  22. Ellen ME, Demaio P, Lange A, Wilson MG. Adult Day Center Programs and Their Associated Outcomes on Clients, Caregivers, and the Health System: A Scoping Review. Gerontologist, 2017; 57(6): 85-94.
    DOI  |   Google Scholar
  23. Statistics Canada. Research Highlights on Health and Aging [Internet] 2016. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/11-631-x/11-631-x2016001-eng.htm
     Google Scholar
  24. Statistics Canada. “Canada’s population estimates: Age and sex, July 1, 2019” [Internet] 2020. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/190930/dq190930a-eng.htm
     Google Scholar